Cadmium (Cd) Levels With Kidney Function Examination As An Indication Of Kidney Damage In Petrol Station Operators In North Surabaya with Atomic Absorption Spectrofotometry

Abstract

Motor vehicle smoke contains several heavy metals that are harmful to humans, the one is cadmium. Petrol station
operator workers in direct contact with motor vehicles are at risk of being exposed to the metal cadmium, which
can accumulate in the kidneys, leading to decreased kidney function. Decreased kidney function can be seen from
the value of creatinine and urea in bloods. This research aims to analyze the relationship between cadmium levels,
creatinine and urea values of petrol station operator workers in North Surabaya. This research used a correlational
method with a cross-sectional design conducted at the Surabaya Health Laboratory and Clinical Laboratory of
Health Analyst Department of Health Polytechnic of Ministry of Health Surabaya from November 2020 - June
2021. The sample of this study was 30 gas station operators using purposive sampling technique. Cadmium level
examination used Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), then creatinine and urea values were examined
using photometry. The results showed that the average cadmium levels 0.32 µg/L; the mean creatinine value 3.2
mg/L and the mean urea value 31 mg/L. From the research result, it can be concluded that there is a relationship
between cadmium levels and urea value of gas station operator workers, but there was no relationship between
cadmium levels and creatinine values of gas station operators. For further research, may include other variables
such as a history of other diseases (diabetes, hypertension, gout) that can affect value of cadmium levels and kidney
function examination.